# Control Structures (Mortgage Payments)

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deepdive_mortgage_payments

## The Mortgages¶

Mortgage is an agreement that allows a borrower to borrow an amount A upfront, at a rate of interest ‘r’ that stays fixed for the entire duration of the loan. The loan is structured so that entire payable amount has to be payed in equal installments over N months. So, the mortage payments form a (often monthly) series as follows: $$S = \{M, M, M… M \}~~~~~~~ N terms$$ Now the question is that what should be the monthly installement M, for the borrowed amount A?

### Current Value of Future Payments¶

What should be CURRENT VALUE of each of these future payments? Easy, discount each payment by the time it takes to come by.

$$S_{0} = \{ \frac{M}{1+r}, \frac{M}{(1+r)^2}, \frac{M}{(1+r)^3}… \frac{M}{(1+r)^N} \}$$

Since this series of payments is generated by an amount $A$ payed today, we reason : $$A = \frac{M}{1+r} + \frac{M}{(1+r)^2} + \frac{M}{(1+r)^3}… +\frac{M}{(1+r)^N}$$

### Calculating the Mortgage Payment¶

With a little rearrangement, above formula leads to:

$$M = \frac{A}{\frac{1}{1+r} + \frac{1}{(1+r)^2} + \frac{1}{(1+r)^3}… +\frac{1}{(1+r)^N}}$$

Note that denominator is a geometric progression whose first term as well as common ratio are equal to $\frac{1}{1+r}$.

Hence this expression can be condensed into a nice relation by using the formula for sum of a geometric progression. But here we will not do so, but rather write a program to evaluate denominator by brute force.

In [2]:
###################################################
#  Filename : time_value_of_money                 #
#  Purpose : To demonstrate                       #
#        1. Console input/output                  #
#        2. Control Structures: while, if-else    #
#                                                 #
#  Author : Niel S.                               #
#  The English Tea Company LLC                    #
###################################################

# The main function

def main():
keep_running = 'Y'
while (keep_running == 'Y'):
#Prompt user for inputs.
amount = float(input ("Enter total amount: $").strip()) rt_int = float(input ("Enter annunal percentage rate of interest: ").strip()) time_N = int (input ("Enter number of years(minimum =1 ): ").strip()) #Change percentage interest rate to absolute. rt_int = 0.01 * rt_int #Convert time and rate of interest to monthly figures. rt_int = (rt_int)/12. time_N = time_N*12 #Function call. User's arguments supplied to function parameters. M = mortgage_installment(A=amount, r=rt_int, N = time_N) out = 'The monthly payment for this loan =$'+str(M)
print (out)
keep_running = input("Enter 'Y' to keep running: ").strip().upper()

#Print some vertical space
print ('\n'*2)

def mortgage_installment(A, r, N):
'''
Parameters:
A =  Total amount of the loan. (+ value only)
N =  Number of months in loan term. (+ non zero values only)
r =  Immutable rate of interest for loan term (+value only)

Return:
M =  Derieved monthly payment.
'''

#If you recieve illegal values of parameters
### return some default indicating an error state.
if (A <= 0): return -1
if (r <= 0): return -1
if (N <= 0): return -1

denominator = 0;

for i in range(0,N):
denominator = denominator + 1./pow((1+r),i+1)

#Finally, monthly installment is:

M = round(A / denominator,0)

return M

if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

Enter total amount: $223000 Enter annunal percentage rate of interest: 3.5 Enter number of years(minimum =1 ): 30 The monthly payment for this loan =$1001.0
Enter 'Y' to keep running: Y

Enter total amount: $223000 Enter annunal percentage rate of interest: 3.5 Enter number of years(minimum =1 ): 15 The monthly payment for this loan =$1594.0
Enter 'Y' to keep running: y

Enter total amount: $446000 Enter annunal percentage rate of interest: 3.5 Enter number of years(minimum =1 ): 30 The monthly payment for this loan =$2003.0
Enter 'Y' to keep running: n



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